Healthy adult skin loses roughly 1 percent of its collagen each year after age 20, and that decline accelerates with sun exposure and hormonal shifts. Collagen and elastin are the structural proteins that keep skin firm and resilient, and when their production drops below the rate at which they break down, fine lines begin to appear at the surface. The National Institutes of Health describes photoaging as the single largest external driver of visible skin aging.
Repeated facial expressions, squinting, smiling, frowning, fold the skin in the same places thousands of times. In youthful skin, the dermis bounces back. As collagen and elastin diminish, those folds set into static lines that remain even when your face is relaxed.
Barrier function and hydration also shift with age. Drier skin reflects light less evenly and exaggerates the appearance of fine surface lines, which is why pairing collagen stimulation with consistent hydration through HydraFacial for hydration often produces a smoother, more luminous result.
